Researchers have long debated whether humans use universal facial expressions to display emotion. Now, a study of ancient Mesoamerican sculptures offers a new take on the age-old question, suggesting that expressions of emotions such as pain, happiness and sadness transcend both time and culture. Previous research on universal facial expressions has centered largely on similar responses by people from different modern communities. By studying sculptures created before Western colonizers reached Mesoamerica, Keltner and Cowen hoped to eliminate the possibility of European influence impacting depictions of different emotions. Overall, the emotions reported by volunteers presented with visual and verbal cues appeared to align with what the researchers expected given the situations portrayed. But other experts have raised concerns regarding the authenticity of the sculptures analyzed in the paper.
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Stanford Facial Nerve Center
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Understanding Emotions Through Facial Expressions
As robots emerge from their classical domain - factories - to be included in every day life, they need to gain new abilities besides those needed in manufacturing. They need not only to support humans, but also be able to socialize with their users to enhance the interaction experience and allow for social bonding. Recent progress in the field of Computer Vision allows intuitive interaction via gesture or facial expressions between humans and technical systems. Recent research aims at enabling machines to utilize communication channels natural to human beings, such as gesture or facial expressions.
Facial expression
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A facial expression is one or more motions or positions of the muscles beneath the skin of the face. According to one set of controversial theories, these movements convey the emotional state of an individual to observers. Facial expressions are a form of nonverbal communication. They are a primary means of conveying social information between humans , but they also occur in most other mammals and some other animal species. Humans can adopt a facial expression voluntarily or involuntarily, and the neural mechanisms responsible for controlling the expression differ in each case.
